MILCAH LOW
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Hard Skin/Callus
Calluses are hard, rough areas of skin that are often yellowish in colour. Calluses
are larger than corns and don't have such a well-defined edge. As callused skin
is thick, it's often less sensitive to touch than the surrounding skin.
Calluses develop when the skin rubs against something, such as a bone, a shoe
or the ground. They often form over the ball of your foot because this area takes
most of your weight when you walk.
Corn
Corns are small circles of thick skin that usually develop on the tops and sides of
toes or on the sole of the foot. However, they can occur anywhere.
Corns are often caused by:
•
wearing shoes that fit poorly – shoes that are too loose can allow your
foot to slide and rub
•
certain shoe designs that place excessive pressure on an area of the
foot – for example, high-heeled shoes can squeeze the toes
Corns often occur on bony feet as there's a lack of natural cushioning. They can
also develop as a symptom of another foot problem, such as:
•
a bunion – where the joint of the big toe sticks outwards as the big toe
begins to point towards the other toes on the same foot
•
hammer toe – where the toe is bent at the middle joint
Verrucas
Verrucas are small lumps on the skin that most people have at some point in
their life. They usually go away on their own but may take months or even
years.
Fungal nail and foot infection
A fungal nail infection occurs from the overgrowth of fungi in, under, or on the nail.
Fungi thrive in warm, moist environments, so this type of environment can cause
them to naturally overpopulate. Fungi that are already present in or on your body
can cause nail infections. If you have come in contact with someone else who has
a fungal infection, it may have spread to you.
Sore Cracked Heels
Cracked heels are caused by cracking or splitting of the skin. This splitting may be
due to dryness or thickening of the skin (callus) that cracks and breaks under
pressure.
When the skin around the heels becomes thickened or dry, it loses it's suppleness
and elasticity, and can split under simple pressures such as that from walking.
This can lead to unsightly, painful and even bleeding, cracked heels. This can
further be made worse in people who have a large fatty pad on the sole of their
feet, which under pressure requires more elasticity in the skin to expand without
cracking. Other causes of increased pressure includes prolonged standing,
pregnancy or excess weight.
Ingrowing Nails
An ingrown toenail develops when the sides of the toenail grow into the surrounding
skin. The nail curls and pierces the skin, which becomes red, swollen and tender.
The big toe is often affected, either on one or both sides. Other possible symptoms
include:
•
pain if pressure is placed on the toe
•
inflammation of the skin at the end of the toe
•
a build-up of fluid in the area surrounding the toe
•
an overgrowth of skin around the affected toe
•
bleeding
•
white or yellow pus coming from the affected area